DISCOVERY (2)

(HEART-NEBULAE FROM SPACE)

A black hole
On a clear night the star group Cygnus (“the Swan”)

is a fine sight. Bright, white Deneb is in the head of the swan.

The silver band of the Milky Way runs through the group. There is also 61 Cygni- the first star to have its distance measured.
As long ago as 1838 this distance was found to be

10.6 light years.
Cygnus has now come into the news again.

Scientists believe that the group may contain a “black hole”.

A BLACK HOLE ?
Yes. A black hole may be a million times bigger and
heavier than the sun. Nothing can leave a black hole,

not even the star’s light and heat and radio waves.

If anything comes too near, it is pulled inside the “hole”
and disappears for ever.
We do not know much about black holes yet;
but we do know that a star has two main forces.
One force pulls things inwards towards the middle of the star,

or stops them escaping from the pull. The other force

pushes out waves of energy into space.
Our sun is not a big star, and is two great forces are nicely balanced.

We can be thankful for that !
A black hole may have no such balance. The inward pull may

have grown so strong that it can hold back all the outward pushing energy.

If such a star ever had planets, they would all fall into the hole.

The pull may even be strong enough to trouble other stars that

are not very far away frm the black hole.
This last idea is important. Although star movements

seem very slow to our eyes, those in Cygnus are unusual.

Several stars may be moving slowly, slowly towards…

There is nothing to be seen.
Only a black spot in the Silver-white Milky Way.

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ADDICTED TV OR COMPUTER ?

ADVANTAGES – DISADVANTAGES
OF WATCHING TELEVISION
Many people now agree that the television
is having a bad effect upon the children
who grow up with it.
A major problem is created by the amount
of violence that is shown on the television.
As a result people are beginning to regard violence
as an everyday event. Indeed it
rapidly is becoming an everyday event.
Will it change life styles of our children?
OR
Will they enjoy with their computers?
Which one is attractive?

OR

SAYING THEM "GOODBYE" AND SENDING

TO THEIR SCHOOL...

We will have our share of responsibilities,

discipline and homework, too…
That's life. Our babies grow up so quickly; we can only

watch it go by,

sad but true. Sending them to school this time of year

gives us a chance to sit and think again about what we do

for our children.

We have reached the end of summer and

a new school year begins.

We are back in the city from holidays now. Families will be busy with

many different errands during the week and with plans to keep

their children in cultural or sports activities on weekends.

What is important is, of course, time management.
Though it is crucial to help our kids explore their creativeness,

as mothers,

we should also maintain discipline and consistency

in their lives while they are

involved in various activities. Plus, we should prevent them from

being “fickle” as our mothers used to call us.

Experts say that if they give up

their activities too soon, it will negatively affect their education

and business life in the future. Don't pressure them too much

and don't let them give up on things easily.
I wish success for you –

to all families this new school year…With love,

DISCOVERY (1)

Little Green Men?
These radio signals were heard first in 1967. They were coming
from a point in the SKY where there was no known star. They were coming very regularly too: once in just about a second. It was as if they were cotrolled by a clock.
The scientists who heard the signals did not tell anybody else. They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people. The signals were coming from a very small body – no bigger, perhaps, than the earth. Was that why no light could be seen from it? Or were the signals coming from a planet that belonged to some other star?
There was no end to the questions, but the scientists kept the discussion secret. ‘Perhaps there are intelligent beings out there’, they thought:
“—Little Green Men who are trying to send messages to other planets, OR TO US!” So the news was not given to the newspapers. Instead, the scientists studied the signals and searched for others like them…
Well, all that happens in 1967 and 1968. Since then scientists have learnt more about those strange, regular, radio signals. And they have told the story, of course. The signals do not come from a planet; they come from a new kind of star called a “pulsar”. About a hundred other pulsars have now been found, and most of them are very like the first one.
Pulsars are strong radio stars. They are the smallest but the heaviest stars we know at present. A handful of pulsar would weigh a few thousand tons. Their light – if they give much light – is too small for us to see. But we can be sure of this:
No little green men are living on them.